Hauv kev ua hlau txiav, yuav muaj cov khoom sib txawv ntawm cov khoom sib txawv, cov ntaub ntawv sib txawv nws qhov kev txiav thiab tshem tawm cov yam ntxwv sib txawv, peb yuav ua li cas tus yam ntxwv ntawm cov khoom sib txawv?ISO txheem hlau cov ntaub ntawv tau muab faib ua 6 hom sib txawv, txhua tus muaj cov khoom tshwj xeeb ntawm kev ua haujlwm thiab yuav raug muab cais cais hauv kab lus no.
Cov khoom siv hlau tau muab faib ua 6 pawg:
(1) P-steel
(2) M-stainless hlau
(3) K-cam khwb cia hlau
(4) N- non-ferrous hlau
(5) S- Thaum tshav kub kub-resistant alloy
(6) H-hardened hlau
Steel yog dab tsi?
- Hlau yog cov khoom siv loj tshaj plaws hauv kev txiav hlau.
- Cov hlau tuaj yeem ua tsis muaj zog lossis tempered steel (hardness txog 400HB).
- Hlau yog ib qho hlau nrog hlau (Fe) ua nws cov khoom tseem ceeb.Nws yog tsim los ntawm cov txheej txheem smelting.
- Cov hlau tsis muaj hlau muaj cov ntsiab lus carbon tsawg dua 0.8%, tsuas yog Fe thiab tsis muaj lwm yam alloying.
- Cov ntsiab lus ntawm cov hlau alloy yog tsawg dua 1.7%, thiab cov ntsiab lus alloying ntxiv, xws li Ni, Cr, Mo, V, W, thiab lwm yam.
- Cov ntsiab lus carbon tsawg = cov khoom siv tawv tawv.
- Cov ntsiab lus carbon siab = cov khoom siv nkig.
Cov yam ntxwv ntawm kev ua:
- Cov khoom siv nti ntev.
- Chip tswj yog qhov yooj yim thiab du.
- Cov hlau me me yog nplaum thiab yuav tsum tau txiav ntug ntse.
- Chav txiav quab yuam kc: 1500 ~ 3100 N / mm².
- Lub zog txiav thiab lub zog xav tau los ua cov ntaub ntawv ISO P yog nyob rau hauv qhov txwv ntawm qhov tseem ceeb.
Stainless hlau yog dab tsi?
- Stainless hlau yog cov khoom siv alloy nrog tsawg kawg 11% ~ 12% chromium.
- Cov ntsiab lus carbon feem ntau yog tsawg heev (tsawg li 0.01% Max).
- Cov alloys feem ntau yog Ni (nickel), Mo (molybdenum) thiab Ti (titanium).
- Ua ib txheej tuab ntawm Cr2O3 ntawm cov hlau, ua rau nws tiv taus corrosion.
Hauv pab pawg M, feem ntau ntawm cov ntawv thov yog nyob rau hauv cov roj thiab roj, cov yeeb nkab haum, flanges, kev ua haujlwm thiab kev lag luam tshuaj.
Cov ntaub ntawv tsis sib xws, flaky chips thiab muaj lub zog txiav ntau dua li cov hlau zoo tib yam.Muaj ntau ntau hom stainless hlau.Chip breaking kev ua tau zoo (los ntawm ib qho yooj yim mus yuav luag tsis yooj yim sua kom tawg chips) nws txawv nyob ntawm seb cov yam ntxwv ntawm alloy thiab kev kho cua sov.
Cov yam ntxwv ntawm kev ua:
- Cov khoom siv nti ntev.
Chip tswj yog tus du hauv ferrite thiab nyuaj dua hauv austenite thiab biphase.
- Unit txiav quab yuam: 1800 ~ 2850 N / mm².
- Siab txiav quab yuam, nti buildup, tshav kub thiab ua hauj lwm hardening thaum lub sij hawm machining.
Cam khwb cia hlau yog dab tsi?
Muaj peb hom cam khwb cia hlau: grey cam khwb cia hlau (GCI), nodular cam khwb cia hlau (NCI) thiab vermicular cam khwb cia hlau (CGI).
- cam khwb cia hlau yog tsim los ntawm Fe-C, nrog cov ntsiab lus ntawm silicon siab (1% ~ 3%).
- Cov ntsiab lus carbon ntau dua 2%, uas yog qhov loj tshaj plaws solubility ntawm C hauv austenite theem.
- Cr (chromium), Mo (molybdenum) thiab V (vanadium) yog ntxiv rau daim ntawv carbides, ua kom muaj zog thiab tawv, tab sis txo cov machinability.
Pab pawg K yog tsuas yog siv nyob rau hauv tsheb qhov chaw, tshuab manufacturing thiab ironmaking.
Lub nti tsim ntawm cov khoom sib txawv, los ntawm ze li ntawm cov hmoov chips mus rau cov chips ntev.Lub zog xav tau los ua cov khoom siv no feem ntau yog me me.
Nco ntsoov tias muaj qhov sib txawv loj ntawm grey cam khwb cia hlau (uas feem ntau muaj cov chips uas yog kwv yees li hmoov) thiab cov hlau cam khwb cia hlau, uas nws cov nti tawg yog nyob rau hauv ntau zaus zoo ib yam li hlau.
Cov yam ntxwv ntawm kev ua:
- Cov khoom siv luv luv.
- Kev tswj chip zoo hauv txhua qhov kev ua haujlwm.
- Unit txiav quab yuam: 790 ~ 1350 N / mm².
- Abrasive hnav tshwm sim thaum machining ntawm qhov nrawm dua.
- Nruab nrab txiav quab yuam.
Dab tsi yog cov ntaub ntawv tsis-ferrous?
- Cov pawg no muaj cov hlau tsis muaj hlau, cov hlau mos uas muaj zog tsawg dua 130HB.
Nonferrous hlau (Al) alloys nrog ze li ntawm 22% silicon (Si) ua rau qhov loj tshaj plaws.
- tooj liab, tooj dag, tooj dag.
Aircraft tuam ntxhab thiab cov chaw tsim khoom ntawm aluminium alloy tsheb log ua tus thawj Group N.
Txawm hais tias lub zog xav tau ib mm³ (cubic inch) tsawg, nws tseem tsim nyog los xam lub zog siab tshaj plaws uas yuav tsum tau ua kom tau txais cov hlau tshem tawm siab.
Cov yam ntxwv ntawm kev ua:
- Cov khoom siv nti ntev.
- Yog tias nws yog alloy, nti tswj tau yooj yim.
- Cov hlau tsis-ferrous (Al) yog cov nplaum thiab yuav tsum tau siv cov ntse txiav.
- Unit txiav quab yuam: 350 ~ 700 N / mm².
- Lub zog txiav thiab lub zog xav tau los ua cov ntaub ntawv ISO N yog nyob rau hauv qhov txwv tsis pub muaj txiaj ntsig.
Dab tsi yog thermal resistant alloy?
Thaum tshav kub kub-resistant alloys (HRSA) muaj xws li ntau yam alloyed hlau, npib tsib xee, cobalt los yog titanium-raws li cov ntaub ntawv.
- Pab pawg: Hlau, npib tsib xee, cobalt.
- Cov xwm txheej ua haujlwm: annealing, kho cua sov, kho kev laus, dov, forging, casting.
Nta:
Cov ntsiab lus alloy siab dua (cobalt siab dua npib tsib xee) ua kom cov cua sov zoo dua, siab zog tensile thiab siab dua corrosion kuj.
S-group cov ntaub ntawv, uas nyuaj rau txheej txheem, feem ntau yog siv nyob rau hauv lub aerospace, roj turbine thiab generator industries.
Qhov ntau yog dav, tab sis siab txiav quab yuam feem ntau yog tam sim no.
Cov yam ntxwv ntawm kev ua:
- Cov khoom siv nti ntev.
- Chip tswj yog qhov nyuaj (jagged chips).
- Lub kaum sab xis tsis zoo yuav tsum tau ua rau cov ceramics thiab lub kaum sab xis zoo yog xav tau rau cemented carbide.
- Unit txiav quab yuam:
Rau tshav kub-resistant alloys: 2400 ~ 3100 N / mm².
Rau titanium alloy: 1300 ~ 1400 N / mm².
- Siab txiav quab yuam thiab lub zog xav tau.
Dab tsi yog hardened steel?
- Los ntawm kev ua tiav, cov hlau tawv tawv yog ib pawg me me.
- Cov pab pawg no muaj tempered steels nrog hardness> 45 txog 65HRC.
- Feem ntau, qhov hardness ntau yam ntawm qhov nyuaj yog tig yog feem ntau ntawm 55 thiab 68HRC.
Cov hlau tawv tawv hauv pawg H yog siv rau ntau yam kev lag luam, xws li kev lag luam tsheb thiab nws cov neeg ua haujlwm subcontractors, nrog rau hauv tshuab tsim thiab pwm ua haujlwm.
Feem ntau tsis tu ncua, liab-kub chips.Qhov kub siab no pab txo tus nqi kc1, uas yog ib qho tseem ceeb los pab daws cov teeb meem ntawm daim ntawv thov.
Cov yam ntxwv ntawm kev ua:
- Cov khoom siv nti ntev.
- txheeb ze zoo chip tswj.
- Yuav tsum muaj qhov tsis zoo pem hauv ntej lub kaum sab xis.
Unit txiav quab yuam: 2550 ~ 4870 N / mm².
- Siab txiav quab yuam thiab lub zog xav tau.
Post lub sij hawm: Lub Xya hli ntuj-24-2023